Public Health Preparedness Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Public Health Preparedness - Research Paper Example On the other hand, practical acts of violence like terror bombardments results in physical injuries and death. Health and security are related since employees within a healthcare institution cannot deliver their services with utter peace of mind when there is an impending threat of violence. On the other hand, anxiety in the society resulting from terror threats cannot enable individuals to hold their physical and mental components in good health. In this regard, healthcare institutions should ensure preparedness of their systems to handle emergency situations caused by insecurity incidences. Prior to examining the essential preparedness measures, it is worth acknowledging the actual effects of insecurity to healthcare delivery. Firstly, terrorists and any perpetrators of insecurity do not apply discrimination while selecting their battlegrounds. Suicide bombers can even walk into a hospital’s sickbay full of patients and detonate an explosive device. This means that violence and terrorism renders a healthcare facility insecure. According to Gilliam and Yates (2012), fears prevailing within a healthcare environment with insecurity undermine the level of competence demonstrated by doctors and nurses while treating patients. Apart from insecure healthcare environment, violence and terrorism causes massive casualties, some of which may be in critical conditions. Normally, a healthcare facility with 600-bed capacity does not have an emergency department to host 300 patients in critical condition. This means that incidences of insecurity like terror bombardments may co mpromise on effectiveness of a healthcare facility in terms of capacity. Therefore, it is advisable for healthcare facility managers to make hay while the sun shines; by ensuring thorough preparedness for imminent emergency situations. In healthcare service delivery, emergency situations require employment of corresponding response procedures. During preparation for imminent emergency situations,

Topic Clinical Reflection on competency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Topic Clinical Reflection on competency - Essay Example I was approaching the patient with an intention that I would assess the patient's condition, and if necessary, following assessment I would provide her some analgesic medication. The staff nurse told me not to give any more pain medication, "she had had enough." It was very evident that there was difference of opinion between me and the staff nurse. From my academic learning, I knew that pain assessment is an important parameter of nursing care, and accurate assessment patient's pain status is important. Current evidence suggests that pain assessment and rating of pain would guide adequacy of pain medication. In such cases of differences of opinion, there is a fair chance that nurses' assessment would be guided by personal beliefs. Literature suggests that in many cases clinical decisions are taken by the healthcare professional based on traditional practice which may not have any evidence. This is specially applicable in case of pain management in the clinical setting by the nurses. There is also evidence that nurses are guided by their own beliefs on pain assessment, and in many cases the experienced nurses underestimate the intensity of pain. Pain is regarded as a subjective sensation, and hence there is a high tendency that painful conditions are stigmatised in that high intensity pain is regarded as a ploy to get more pain medication, while nurses feel that the intensity of pain is not worth intervening (Clark et al., 2006). With the background that I will graduate into a registered nurse, it was an opportunity for me to reflect on the situation to examine whether I have enough competencies to deal with such situations. It was an ideal situation where research could be utilised to improve practice so the outcome of care is better leading to better patient satisfaction. I immediately took the opportunity to discuss the scenario with the staff nurse and convinced her that I would look into evidence from studies to decide what we needed to do. There was internet connection available in the unit, and in the available database, I ran a search for relevant literature on the key words "nursing" and "pain management" (Rustoen et al., 2009). Since meta-analyses provide maximal analyses of research, conclusion and discussion of some if these literatures provided the guideline. The basics of the guidelines were that whenever in doubt regarding the adequacy of pain medication, the pain medicine consultation should b e used and adequate dosage of analgesic medications should be decided, while the patient remains under strict monitoring and surveillance for any signs of respiratory depression. I remember, I also told in that discussion that the hospital policy guidelines also indicate this. When I found evidence, I immediately showed the findings from the literature to all staff present there, and highlighted that this would improve the patient outcome (ANMC, 2006), since pain symptoms delays discharge and increases hospital stay. I was a little hesitant in saying this since I was just a student and my experiences were just nominal. However, the strength of the evidence was so compelling that ultimately these findings could be used to change and improve practice. Another concern was that I did not know this patient's history totally, and therefore, there was a fair chance

Case study Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case study Analysis - Essay Example Leadership usually follows a number of theories and practices due to which, the leaders are different from one another. Application of a theory is related to the personality of a leader as he or she adopts a theory after analyzing according to his or her persona. Leaders are highly important persons in an organization and they have a strong impact on the organization and its employees. No one can reject the influence of the leaders, as they are the one who have to lead a certain group in order to help the organization in terms of making income or gaining success (McGovern et al, 2008). The employees working under the leaders are more dedicated to their leaders as compared to the organization because of the convincing style of leadership of the leaders. There are eight leadership theories that can be considered as the most credible and convincing in terms of the concept of leadership in various organizations (Wagner, 2005). Firstly, according to great man theories the qualities of lea dership in some persons are inherent means they born by having leadership skills. Secondly, trait theories are based on that some persons are leaders because they inherit the leadership characteristics. After then, contingency theories are based on that type of leaders, which have an ability to change their style of leading according to the environment (Wagner, 2005). After that, situational theories are based on leaders should have the ability to select best leading style in different situations. After that, behavioural theory is based on that men learn leadership qualities through experience and learning (Wagner, 2005). Afterward, participative theories are based on the leader’s participation and contribution from group members that encourage them to give their 100%. Subsequently management theories (transactional theory) are based on management, organization and group performance (Wagner, 2005). According to management theory, leaders appreciate their subordinates by givin g praise or promotion for their good work and give punishment for their bad work (Wagner, 2005). Afterward, relationship theories (transformational theories) are based on relationship between leaders and followers. These types of leaders motivate their followers by helping them in task, but also have a requirement from the followers to give the all potential in the task (Wagner, 2005). 2.0. Case Study Analysis 2.1. Leadership Paradigms, Leadership Location and Leadership Substitutes at SAP In SAP (Systems, Applications and Products in data processing), the major and main head of the organization is its Chief executive officers (CEOs). The leadership at SAP is much committed and influence people to be a part of the organization. The main vision of sap is to provide software solution and business problems. SAP is a global organization but the head office of SAP is located in Walldrof Germany. SAP is driven by its two major boards, an executive board and an extended management board. S AP has seven layers of management and it is more profitable to have seven layers of management, it also makes it hierarchical. As SAP is managed by its self management teams, there is always a substitute for each of the management. But in case of leadership 2.2. Followers and Retention at SAP All the employees in SAP are very much important for the organization and the company does not discharge the people because of the less knowledge about the new developments and techniques. On the contrary, company tries

Marketing high street fashions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing high street fashions - Essay Example In the past, high end retailers like those commonly found on High Street in London used to segment their most relevant customers by needs and lifestyle, along with resource availability depending on their social class. However, with rising competition from fast fashion, lower-end retailers acting like high-end fashion retailers, this philosophy has changed. Western models of segmentation such as the VALS2 Network which describes eight different lifestyle and resource tendencies of key markets are not as effective as they once were. This model describes active lifestyles versus more sedentary buyers with traditionalist values, as two examples, in order to help marketers identify with key needs, values and attitudes (Boone & Kurtz 2007). However, the current recession is changing even the buying behaviours of the most elite of customers who are looking for more value in their fashion purchases. Banister & Hogg (2004) identify that self-esteem has been one of the most important motivators for the consumption of symbolic goods, including fashion. Self-esteem, as related to high end fashion merchandise, involves how a consumer feels about the enhancements that fashion clothing adds to their lifestyle or image that directly impacts their final decision to select key branded merchandise. Self-esteem is also comparative to others in society, their own reference groups such as peers and celebrities, that provides the motivation to make high-dollar purchases in order to fit their own mould of what constitutes success and wealth. However, understanding what drives trend-based self-esteem requires a significant investment in primary research, such as the use of questionnaires and surveys, and the information is not beneficial over the long-term due to changing values and social conditions. Companies that are finding themselves with strapped and tight budgets do not have the resource s or the labour investment to conduct complicated psychologically-based primary studies consistently and must find new methods to target and segment their key customers most likely to make purchases and be loyal to the brand. Therefore, segmentation in high-end fashion retailers occurs differently today, amidst a difficult economy with rising competition globally. Geographic segmentation occurs regularly, especially for high-street retailers with a great deal of their support coming from local consumers in the London region with adequate resources to make purchases or those unaffected by the difficult economic conditions plaguing European countries. This is rather straight-forward for many fashion companies as it helps divide catalogue distribution and ensure that the right customers receive this literature to promote products. Today, primarily, marketers use psychographic segmentation strategies to understand buyer behaviour and gain presence in key markets they have

Applebee's strategy (some parts) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Applebee's strategy (some parts) - Essay Example volumes in existing restaurants by improving the fundamentals of Applebee’s concepts and placing less emphasis on new restaurants development for company-owned markets in past. As part of this strategy, we are concentrating leveraging our value proposition and broadening our appeal to guests through an improved menu and consumer messaging.† DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY. In its quest to capture a large portion of the casual dining industry, Applebee has focused on employing a differentiation strategy which primarily separates itself from the other players in the market. It should be noted that its more than 1,900 stores carries the same aim of â€Å"attractive, friendly, neighborhood, establishment featuring moderately priced, high quality, food and beverage items, table service, and a comfortable atmosphere which speaks to all ages† (Company Overview, 2007) of focusing on a narrow market, Applebee’s strategy is to appeal to a broad clientele regardless of age, gender, and status. The company stresses that its aim is to appeal to a wide range of customers including young adults, senior citizens, and families with children (Annual Report, 2006). In its business operation, Applebee maintains its capability of being unique by stressing the quality of its products. Recognizing that casual dining is not just all about offering sumptuous dishes and beverages but also accompanies an intangible component, Applebee also differentiates itself from its competitors by extending excellent customer service (Ronsefeld, 2000). Through these efforts, the industry leader is able to make its distinct mark relative to its rivals. The company’s utilization of differentiation strategy is supported by the following complementary and specific strategies. 1. Product Development. Applebee recognizes that even though it needs to maintain its traditional and signature recipes, the palate and general preferences of its market changes over time necessitating the introduction of new

Politicts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Politicts - Essay Example The house votes for the Bill after having debated it satisfactorily, where finally the governor can enact or reject it. The Bill once presented to the governor and 45 days elapses without signing; becomes a law (Lurie, 2005). Legislative office formulates and prepares it technically prior its presentation in other preceding steps. This office is non-partisan since it operates according to its given mandates, hence cannot be influenced (Lurie, 2005). The committee discusses the Bill openly in public where it may make some amendments and present to the house as is or offer a substitute Bill (Lurie, 2005). Suppose there is no consideration of the Bill or fails to report it, remains in the committee. Third Reading is a step considered by the president or the chair where the house discusses the Bill effectively. Second and Third Reading may not be in one day except when it was urgent and agreed by 75% of the house. This encompasses 34 votes from the senates and 60 from the Assembly. The House votes to endorse the Bill as per the majority, where there must be 21 senate and 41 Assembly votes to enable it pass to the Second House (Lurie, 2005). Suppose the closing poll fails, the house may consider the Bill in another or return it to the committee. The Bill undergoes via similar process as in the original House. If it makes any alterations, it sends the Bill to the First House for support concerning the changes. Primarily, a Bill gets ultimate legislative when it goes via the two houses without any alterations. The Governor signs the Bill to enact it. Alternatively, it is an Act if after 45 days has passed devoid of any action undertaken concerning the endorsement. Suppose the origin house is in recess, there is a deliberation of extending the 45Th day to date, which it will reconvene. Besides, a rejected Bill may be a law in the occasion where the legislature dominates the refusal by 2/3 poll. Law starts

Relationship between the brand personality and purchase intention Essay

Relationship between the brand personality and purchase intention through the use of Country of Origin (COO) image and by illustrating how this impacts the intention of purchase - Essay Example The hypotheses was acknowledged through an analysis of the auto industry of China and the validation was carried out by taking into account the auto brand of Honda of Japan. The questionnaire was divided into two parts, the first part weighed the COO image, purchase intention, brand personality and subjective knowledge that the consumer possessed about the product; the second part was the registering of information the persons. The result that came out was that it was clearly established that the purchase intention is positively affected by the brand personality and the COO image. It was found that the positive COO image acted as an encouraging sign between the brand personality and purchase intention and so it would tend to increase positive brand personality and its impact on purchase intention. However if there was a negative COO image then this tend to lower the positive impact of brand personality on the purchase intention. Further it was found that if a company had a negative COO and had a weak brand personality it would still have a higher purchase intention than that of a company with a positive COO image and a weak brand personality. The report clearly suggests that there are issues like COO image which adversely affect the relationship between brand personality and purchase intention. ... Limitations and future research direction. However the research has been kept limited to an analysis of two countries. This might be a consideration which would be detrimental. Further it is quite easy to get away with the COO image when there is a lower price. Thus it can be said that the price also comes into play which makes the point of the country of origin a bit weak. Thus it can be said with ease that the research will tend to be ineffective once the generality of causes affecting the intention of the consumers are taken into account. The limitations that can be ascertained are the exclusion of the control variable in the product. The prices of the product have not been included. The research just plainly says that many points have not been considered. This is a great detriment. Corporate brand image, Satisfaction and store loyalty Background of the paper The article has clearly been written to establish the possible impact of a corporate store image on the satisfaction of the customer and the devotion that has been placed on grocery retailers. Conceptual framework and theory The corporate (store) image show the impact of a retailer as a brand, production brands and brands of store is alleged. The brand store and manufacturer store is included because of the fact that the quality of the product brand is dependent on these brands. Research design and implementation The tests were carried out through a survey via mail to consumers of answers which were usable. The test was apparently based on a model that related the hidden variables to the obvious variable and showed how store loyalty was dependent on these. Main conclusions and contribution to marketing literature and practice It was found that retailers